New characteristics may begin to present themselves as the tiny fungi go through tens of thousands of generations.
这种细小真菌经过数万代繁殖之后,一些新的特征开始出现在他们身上。
Some of those carbon products transfer from the roots to symbiotic fungi and soil microbes, which store the carbon in the soil as humus.
这些含碳化合物有部分从根部被共生真菌和土壤中的微生物摄取,最后变成腐殖质储存在土壤里。
This second group includes animals, plants, fungi and algae.
这第二种生物包括动物,植物,真菌以及藻类。
Increased risks of infections include tuberculosis and infections caused by viruses, fungi or bacteria.
对感染包括结核和病毒,真菌或细菌所致感染风险增加。
But without fungi we would not have gardens, houses or even feet at all.
但是,如果没有真菌,我们就不会有花园、住宅,甚至脚。
The chemicals that damage fungi tend to damage human cells as well, so it「s hard to attack such infections without harming the host.
能够破坏真菌的化学物质也倾向于损害人类细胞,所以很难在不伤害宿主的情况下消除这种感染。
For billions of years, certain bacteria and fungi have produced chemical substances to protect them from attack from other microorganisms.
数十亿年以来,某些细菌和真菌通过产生化学物质来保护自己,抵御来自其它微生物的攻击。
Those fungi and bacteria are as highly evolved as humans.
那些真菌和细菌和人类都是高度演化的。
Whereas adaptive immunity is thought to be a response to specific bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites, innate immunity has always been seen as the body」s general response to all threats of disease.
适应性免疫被认为是对具体的细菌,病毒,真菌和寄生虫的反应,而先天免疫一向被认为是身体对所有致病威胁的一般反应。
The study did not focus on whether the fungi had been a threat to human health.
该研究的焦点并非是这些真菌是否已对人类健康造成威胁。
Development of celluloses that are stable outside the cells of microorganisms enables the culturing of fungi and with yeasts on cellulose hydrolyzates.
开发在微生物细胞外部能稳定存在的纤维素酶使真菌和酵母在纤维素水解产物上培养有了可能。
Many drugs such as penicillin come from fungi too.
许多药品(如青霉素)也来自真菌。
Some studies hinted that a majority of nuclei in snow crystals may be decayed vegetation, bacteria, or fungi spores; and so snow may be largely life-triggered.
某些研究暗示,大多数雪晶的核也许是腐朽的植物、细菌或菌类孢子;因此,也许雪大都是由生命触发的。
Since mushrooms are fungi and the fact that there are so many species, it can be hard to know which are poisonous.
因为蘑菇的本质是真菌而又有那么多个种类,所以很难判断哪种有毒那种没毒。
Although some have come up with theories of dangerous fungi and gases accumulating inside the tomb, the deaths do not need a special explanation.
尽管有人说当时坟墓内长年积累的危险真菌与有毒气体是主要原因,那些死亡也不需要什么特别原因。
Rather than directly sucking these essential building blocks of life into its roots, plants have to rely upon the fungi to gather it for them from the surrounding soil.
植物必须依赖这种真菌从周围土壤中收集这些生命的基本组成部分,而不是直接由根部吸取。
Both species of fungi are rarely encountered in nature, but common in dishwashers.
发现的两种真菌在自然界都很罕见,但在洗碗机里很常见。