having more than one wife at a time

in 16 of the 19 polygynous species in their sample, males of all ages were much more likely to die during any given period than were females.

在19个一夫多妻制物种样本中，16个物种的雄性中，各个年龄阶段的样本在给定的时间段中都比雌性更易死亡。

the low-ranking wives in polygynous marriages should be in worse condition because they get a smaller share of their husband's resources.

一夫多妻制家庭中，由于在分享丈夫的资源时所得份额较小，地位较低的妻子境况不佳。

in polygynous families in the novels of ming and qing dynasties, the positions of wife, concubine and servant girls were different.

作者通过对明清小说中家庭女性地位的研究，认为在男性多偶家庭中，妻、妾、婢的地位高低有别。

mothers in poor condition, here lower-ranking co-wives in a polygynous marriage, may overproduce daughters because these give them greater fitness returns than sons.

贫困的母亲，在这里指一夫多妻制中地位较低的妻子，可能生更多的女孩，因其健康状况比男孩要好。

to find out, they established an experiment among villagers in the sine saloum region of senegal, where polygynous marriages (ie, men with multiple wives) are common.

为找出答案，他们对塞内加尔（西非国家）sinesaloum地区的村民进行了一项试验，此地区一夫多妻制婚姻是很普遍。

we apply the trivers-willard prediction - that mothers in poor condition will overproduce daughters - to a novel measure of condition, namely wife rank within a polygynous marriage.

trivers-willard 假说提出：贫穷的母亲更容易生女孩。我们将其应用到一个研究母亲状况的新方法中—即在一夫多妻制家庭中妻子的地位。