painful menstruation that is intrinsic to menstruation and not the result of a disease

objective to observe the curative effect of indirect moxibustion in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea of cold-damp coagulation type and study the mechanism.

目的观察隔物灸治疗原发性痛经寒湿凝滞型的疗效，探讨其作用机制。

conclusion:test-caused anxiety with primary dysmenorrhea may interact and promote each other.

结论：考试焦虑与原发性痛经互为因果，互相促进。

methods 70 cases of primary dysmenorrhea were randomly divided into two groups according to random number table. in observation group(35 cases), the thread moxibustion in zhuang medicine was adopted.

方法按随机数字法将70例原发性痛经患者随机分为两组，观察组35例用壮医药线点灸治疗；

there were ovarian cyst in 4, ovarian teratoma in 7, malignant ovarian cyst in 1, corpus luteum rupture in 3, imperforate hymen in 2, pelvic inflammation in 2 and primary dysmenorrhea 1.

卵巢囊肿4例，卵巢畸胎瘤7例，卵巢恶性卵黄囊肿1例，黄体破裂3例，处女膜闭锁2例，盆腔炎2例，原发性痛经1例。

objective: to comprehend the incidence of primary dysmenorrhea and the correlated factors.

目的了解原发性痛经在高校女生中的发生情况及其相关因素。

as a kind of psychosomatic disorder, primary dysmenorrhea has undividable connection with the mental problems, which actually is a kind of concrete and typical pain.

原发性痛经作为一种心身疾病与心理问题有着不可分割的联系，痛经本身就是一种具体化、典型化的疼痛，给青春期女性带来了焦虑抑郁等不良情绪。

primary dysmenorrhea is a common type of menstrual cramps that is caused by getting your period;

原发性痛经是一种常见的经期痉挛类型，这是由月经造成的；

objective:to observe the clinical effect of vibrating abdomen combined with finger acupoints pressure for primary dysmenorrhea in female athletes.

目的：观察振腹为主配合点穴手法治疗女运动员原发性痛经的临床疗效。

method: 28 cases of primary dysmenorrhea child-bearing period and unmarried women (at the age of 20~27 years) were selected with certain diagnostic standard.

方法：选择年龄在20～27岁符合诊断标準的原发性痛经育龄期未婚女性28例。

objective : study the laws of choose point to cure primary dysmenorrhea by moxibustion, in order to provide theory basis to regulate and promote moxibustion therapy dysmenorrhea.

目的：总结应用灸法治疗痛经的选穴规律，为规范与推广灸法治疗痛经提供理论依据。

objective:to study the microcirculation mechanism of the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea with tong′an decoction.

目的：观察痛安汤治疗原发性痛经的微循环机制。

conclusion the mechanism of acupuncture acting on the hpoa with primary dysmenorrhea might be its regulating role to the gonadal hormone of hpoa and its corresponding receptor expression.

结论：针刺对痛经大鼠hpoa的作用机制可能与针刺调节hpoa的性激素及其受体的表达有关。

results:we get 25 point to cure primary dysmenorrhea by moxibustion in the literature, guanyuan and sanyinjiao appear most times, about 25.56%, 14.29%.

结果：灸法治疗痛经主穴选取共出现25个穴位，其中以关元、三阴交出现频次最多，分别为25.56%、14.29%。

objective:to determine the main types of syndrome in tcm and the factors affecting primary dysmenorrhea in adolescent girls in order to guide the clinical treatment and take health care for them.

目的探讨青春期少女痛经的主要中医证型及影响因素，以便为指导临床治疗及开展经期身心保健提供有效对策。

objective: to observe the clinical effect of jingtongxiao (jtx) formula on treating primary dysmenorrhea (pd) of congealing cold and blood stasis, and to explore its mechanism of action.

目的：观察「经痛消方」治疗寒凝血瘀型原发性痛经的临床疗效，并初步探讨其作用机理。

methods 220 cases of primary dysmenorrhea were randomized into control group and treatment group, 110 cases in each one.

方法：将220例原发性痛经患者随机分为对照组和治疗组各110例，对照组采用芬必得治疗；

sciencedaily (aug. 11, 2010) — primary dysmenorrhea (pdm), or menstrual cramps, is the most common gynecological disorder in women of childbearing age.

科技日报（2010，8.11）—原发性痛经（pdm），或经期痉挛，是妇女在生孩子前最常见的妇科癥状。