in multi-user ds - cdma system user detectors produce a small residual carrier offset, based on the analysis of the receiver's model, an efficient estimation method of carrier offset is presented.
in order to provide a more efficient estimation of different major geometries by a single model, an adaptive curve model which varies depending on the local nature of range image is employed.
in practice, only limited data can be obtained so it is very necessary to use an efficient estimation algorithm to get exact characters of the short data sequence.