her team「s research suggests that the birds may have evolved to produce higher levels of melanin in order to protect their immune systems.
她的小组研究表明鸟类可能经进化产生较高水平的黑色素,以保护其免疫系统。
coloring the skin may sound simple, but nature requires at least 25 different genes to synthesize, package and distribute the melanin pigment that darkens the skin and hair.
给皮肤上色看起来很简单,但大自然却至少需要25种不同的基因来合成、包装及输送黑色素到人体各处以使皮肤和头发呈现不同颜色。
instead, people with blue eyes have a brown pigment, known as melamin, at the back of their irises but have low concentrations of melanin in the front of their irises.
相反,蓝眼睛的人有一种褐色色素,被称之为黑色素,位于虹膜背部,但在虹膜前部黑色素浓度较低。
in response to the uv rays frying your inner layer of skin, your body produces more melanin pigment that darkens the skin.
作为对紫外线灼伤内皮层的反应,你的身体会产生更多的黑色素使皮肤颜色变深。
an alternative theory is that birds have evolved genes which code differently for melanin expression, a theory called the 「genetic-link 」 hypothesis.
另一种「基因关联」说认为鸟类进化出表达不同黑色素代码的基因。
the key to the procedure is a specially tuned laser that destroys the natural brown pigment melanin in the iris, the eye」s central colored portion.
手术的关键是一种特殊的调谐激光器,它可以破坏虹膜(眼睛中部有颜色的部位)内天然的「褐色素」内的黑色素。
the increased production of melanin that occurs after melanocytes are exposed to sunlight results in a suntan- or the darkening of freckles.
当我们暴露在阳光下,黑色素细胞会增加黑素的产生,这样一来的结果就是晒黑了,或者说是雀斑的斑点。
melanin is also responsible for hair and eye coloring.
黑色素同时也主导着头发和眼睛的颜色。
melanin helps the body filter out uv radiation, but it also can be harmful.
黑色素可以帮助身体过滤紫外线,但它也有害处。
melanin also plays a role in the development of certain optical nerves. all forms of albinism cause problems with the development and function of the eyes.
黑色素同时还在某些视神经的发育过程中发挥作用。所有类型的白化病都会在眼睛的发育和功能上引发问题。
melanin is also an antioxidant that can protect the body against reactive oxygen species, harmful compounds that can damage dna.
黑色素同时也是一种抗氧化剂,能保护身体对抗活性氧簇,一种可以损害dna的有害成分。
researchers are not sure why, but they suggested that the potential protective effects of the female hormone estrogen and the skin pigment melanin should be investigated as potential reasons.
研究人员还不能确定为何会出现这种情况,不过他们建议,应该把雌激素和皮肤黑色素的潜在保护作用作为可能的原因进行调查。
on areas of the skin that have years of frequent and prolonged sun exposure, age spots appear when melanin becomes 「clumped」 or is produced in particularly high concentrations.
而对于长时间频繁遭受太阳暴晒的皮肤,黑色素便会「集群分布」或产生过多,此时就显示出老人斑。
this is responsible for the production of melanin which gives skin and hair its colour.
该基因负责给我们的皮肤和毛发提供黑色素。
pheomelanin, the type of melanin that makes red and blonde hair and fair skin, actually increases the risk for sun damage, such as sunburn and skin cancer.
红发或者金发、白色皮肤的人体内含有一种特殊的黑色素——褐黑素,它会增加被阳光损伤的风险,比如晒伤和皮肤癌。
melanin also plays a role in the development of certain optical nerves.
黑色素同时还在某些视神经的发育过程中发挥作用。