英语释义

1. any of various round or long cellular organelles of most eukaryotes that are found outside the nucleus, produce energy for the cell through cellular respiration, and are rich in fats, proteins, and enzymes — see cell illustration

2. one of the parts found in the cytoplasm of a cell outside the nucleus that provides the cell with energy released from the breakdown of nutrients

3. any of various round or long cellular organelles of most eukaryotes that are found outside the nucleus, produce energy for the cell through cellular respiration, and are rich in fats, proteins, and enzymes — called also chondriosome

片语

mitochondria membrane线粒体膜

mitochondria inheritance线粒体遗传

Mitochondria ATPase线粒体ATP酶

mitochondria envelope线粒体被膜

Mitochondria calcium线粒体钙

of mitochondria甘油磷酸穿梭作用

liver mitochondria肝线粒体

mitochondria matrix称线粒体基质

英汉例句

• having fewer or less effective mitochondria causes a drop in demand for glucose, and might thus cause a cell to become insulin resistant.

  线粒体缺乏或者失效都会引起对葡萄糖需求量减少，从而会导致细胞产生胰岛素阻抗现象。

• and uridine fuels chemical reactions in mitochondria and may boost the cellular communications that control mood and other mental processes.

  尿苷刺激线粒体中的化学反应和可能推动细胞交流，控制情绪和其他心理过程。

• brown fat cells are equipped with a large supply of mitochondria -- tiny organelles that use oxygen to burn sugar from the diet to generate heat, rather than store the energy as fat.

  棕色脂肪细胞中有大量的线粒体--一种极小的细胞器，他们可以消耗氧气，燃烧膳食中的糖类来进行产热而不是把能量储存成为脂肪。

• therefore, in addition to leading to new potential therapies for depression, this work indirectly hints at a role for mitochondria in mood disorders, say the researchers.

  因此，研究人员说，除了引导新的潜在的抑郁癥治疗法外，这项工作间接暗示在心境障碍中线粒体的作用。

• the role of dichloroacetate is to re-activate the mitochondria by stimulating an enzyme that feeds pyruvate into their energy-generating cycle.

  二氯醋酸的作用是通过促进一种酶催化丙酮酸进入产能循环过程而重新激活线粒体。

• mitochondria are small structures inside cells which convert the energy in glucose into a form that a cell's machinery can use.

  线粒体是细胞里的微型物质，能将葡萄糖里的能量转换成对一种细胞机体有用的形式。

• but if faulty mitochondria do turn out to be a cause of autism, even if not in all cases, that question will have to be investigated.

  但如果缺陷线粒体的确是自闭癥的成因之一（若不是所有的情况都是这样），这个问题就得深入研究了。

• 「maybe the reason why free radicals and aging are correlated is because free radical production in the mitochondria (part of the cell) is a stress reaction to the damage of aging,」 hekimi said.

  海克米说：“人们之所以把自由基和衰老联系在一起，可能是因为自由基在线粒体（细胞的一部分）中产生是人体对衰老的应激反应。

• this finding indicated that the cancers sometimes acquired mitochondria from their hosts.

  这个发现表明，肿瘤有时候从其宿主身上获得线粒体。

• reporting in the journal nature, dr john clapham and colleagues say their mice make large amounts of uncoupling protein 3 (ucp-3) in the mitochondria of their muscle cells.

  在《自然》杂志上，约翰-克拉彭博士和他的同事们说，他们培养的这些老鼠在肌肉细胞的线粒体中产生大量解藕连蛋白质3（ucp-3）。

• yup, your body creates more and stronger mitochondria in each of your cells, making you more powerful and giving you more endurance for everything in your life!

  是的，你的身体在每一个细胞中制造出更多更好的线粒体，让你更强壮，在生活中做任何事情时都更有耐力。

• 「the ancestors of the mitochondria were once free-living bacteria, 」 martin says.

  马丁解释道：“线粒体的祖先，某种古细菌，一度是自由身。

• over time, as we age,the number of mutations begins to outstrip the system’s ability to makerepairs, and mitochondria start malfunctioning and dying.

  随着年龄的增长，久而久之，变异的数量逐渐超出了系统修复能力，线粒体开始出现故障进而停止运作。

• 「the number of mitochondria decreases in skeletal muscle as we age, and this affects us physically in terms of both muscle energy production and endurance, 」 said dr malek.

  马利克博士说：“随着年龄增长，骨骼肌中的线粒体数目也会减少，这对人体肌肉能量的生产和耐力都有影响。

• nerve cells have a huge demand for energy, so a failure of the mitochondria would certainly affect them.

  神经细胞对能量的需求量很大，所以线粒体缺陷很可能会影响神经细胞的正常工作。

• heck, thank those mitochondria within your cells for pumping out the energy you need to get you out of bed in the morning.

  还有那些线粒体，它们躲在你身体的细胞内生产着能量让你还能在早上从床上爬起来。

• but every so often, our mitochondria and their surrounding cells fight.

  但是有时，我们的线粒体和周围的细胞相互抵制。

• mitochondria give eukaryotes four or five orders of magnitude more energy per gene, and that enabled them to tunnel straight through the walls of the chasm.

  线粒体给予真核生物每个基因四或者五个数量级多的能源，这使他们能够穿过鸿沟的墻壁，打开直通道。

• these new results suggest that over this time, the cancer must have evolved the unusual ability to capture mitochondria from its host animal.

  这些新的结果表明，这段时间过后，肿瘤就进化出从它的宿主身上获取线粒体的非同寻常的能力。