英语释义

1. 438 U.S. 265 (1978), held that fixed quotas may not be set for places for minority applicants at professional schools if white applicants are denied a chance to compete for those places. The Court qualified the ruling, however, by saying that race may be considered as a factor in making decisions on admission. At issue was a state medical school admissions program that, because it required a certain number of minority applicants, twice denied admission to a qualified white candidate (Bakke). The Court concluded: “Government may take race into account when it acts not to demean or insult any racial group, but to remedy disadvantages cast on racial minorities by past racial prejudice.” In 2003 the Court applied Bakke in two cases brought against the University of Michigan. It struck down an undergraduate admissions policy of automatically awarding to minority applicants additional points toward the total needed for admission in Gratz v. Bollinger, 539 U.S. 244 (2003), but upheld a law school policy that involved “a highly individualized, holistic review of each applicant's file” in Grutter v. Bollinger, 539 U.S. 306 (2003). In Fisher v. University of Texas at Austin, 570 U.S. ___ (2013), the Court upheld an affirmative action program, but emphasized that such programs must be reviewed under a standard of strict scrutiny to ensure that they are not used in place of non-race-based alternatives to achieve diversity.

片语

UNIVERSITY STATE OF CALIFORNIA授予机构

University y of California Riverside加州大学河滨分校

University y of California Berkeley加州大学伯克利分校

University y of California Irvine加州大学欧文分校

University E of California Berkeley加州大学伯克利分校

University y of California加州大学

英汉例句

• experts at the university of california at san diego made the discovery by studying mice and human cells cultured in their laboratory.

  圣地亚哥加利福尼亚大学的专家们，通过在实验室研究老鼠和人细胞培养得到这个发现。

• he then went on to earn a doctorate at the university of california at berkeley, and wrote a book on semiconductors that remains a standard text.

  之后他前往伯克利的加州大学攻读博士学位，写下了一部半导体方面的着作，至今仍作为标準教科书在使用。

• they will also collaborate with researchers at the university of california in san diego to study other pathogens that require a human host, such as malaria.

  他们还将和美国加州大学圣地亚哥分校的研究者们合作研究别的需要人类当宿主的疾病，如疟疾。

• 「i considered myself very fortunate,」 said mr. davis, who worked at the lawrence livermore national laboratory at the university of california from 1971 to 2002.

  「我认为自己很幸运」，戴维斯先生说，他在1971年——2002年在加州大学的劳伦斯利弗莫尔国家实验室工作。