ex ante funding refers to the accumulation of a reserve or a fund upon which the deposit insurer can draw in the event of a bank failure.

事前资金投入指的是一种储备的积累或是一笔可以在银行倒闭情况下能够提取的资金。

in particular, after year 2002, we find that, the lower ex ante risk of ipo company, the higher possibility to choose high quality auditor, which support information hypothesis.

尤其是对ipo过程中信息需求的考察，本文的研究发现，在控制市盈率定价阶段，ipo公司的事先风险越低越有可能选择高质量审计师。

earlier swedish school had studied the role of expectation by the analysis method of ex ante and ex post.

瑞典学派借助事前和事后分析法，较早地关注了预期的作用；

this dissertation studies ex ante screening device on creditor risk management in each representative pattern of inventory financing .

针对存货融资的三种典型模式，考察信贷人事前风险管理中的甄别问题。

in the supply chain, the problems in agency mainly involve the adverse selection caused by ex ante information asymmetry and moral hazard caused by ex post information asymmetry.

供应链中的委托代理问题主要包括由事前信息不对称引起的逆向选择问题和由事后信息不对称引起的道德风险问题。

ex ante funding requires the accumulation and maintenance of a fund to cover deposit insurance claims and related expenses prior to a bank failure.

事前资金投入要求资金积累与维持可以覆盖存款保险要求和银行倒闭前的相关支出。

on inventory pledge loan, creditor can screen on borrowers with asymmetric information of ex ante default possibility, when taking into account borrowers' signaling action by acquiring a credit score.

研究存货质押贷款中，当信贷人对借款人质押前违约概率信息不对称时，考虑借款人信号发送行为时对借款人的甄别。

the model makes use of ex post profit-sharing to take place of ex ante bargaining to avoid the unavailability of contracts due to ex post pareto change.

此模型运用对事后中间利润的分配取代事前对收购价格的讨价还价，避免了后者可能出现的帕累托改进所带来的契约的无效。

on the other hand, the presence of an imperfectly informed lolr is conductive to the moral hazard problem, so it is ex ante inefficiency.

另一方面，拥有不完全信息的lolr 容易引发道德风险问题，从而是事前无效率的。

there is not only ex ante nonsymmetric information, but also ex post nonsymmetric information between the commercial banks and the borrowers, and then lead to produce the credit risk.

在商业银行与借款者之间，既存在事前非对称信息，又存在事后非对称信息，使之产生信贷风险。

meanwhile, the government should promote ex ante competition between doctors such that every doctor can develop his own reputation and hence moral hazard problem can be alleviated.

强化医生之间的「事前」竞争，使得每个医生都成为可以积累「名誉」的个体，并以此限制他们的道德风险行为。

a lower ex ante risk premium implies higher returns in the short term.

较低的事前评价风险溢价往往意味着短期内较高的回报。

finally, the author designs a mechanism with ex ante constraint and ex post intervention, which can make the preferential behavior of equity financing endogenous.

本文设计了一个事前约束和事后干预机制，可以把股权融资偏好行为内生化。

this paper has dealt with an important aspect of accounting, which consists of the demarcation of accounting data and information, based on ex post information, from required ex ante information.

研究了会计核算的一个重要方面，包括以「事后记录」信息为基础的会计核算数据和信息与所需的「事前预测」信息的界定。

so loan contract is the carrier that helps the implement of ex ante control of credit risks.

借贷契约就为银行如何实施这种风险的事前控制提供了一个很好的载体。

the ex ante fiscal costs of these measures are fairly limited, reaching a maximum of 0.2% of gdp in the case of germany.

事前的这些措施的财政成本都是相当有限的，在德国达到gdp的2%的最大值。