An attentive belayer can also save a climber from hitting the ground by taking the rope in and running backwards.

确保者有注意，收绳并往后跑，也会帮攀爬者避开撞击地面的状况。

The belayer places himself so as to minimize any adverse action upon the body, and generally faces the wall.

保护者将自己固定，以减少身体的反作用，而且通常情况下要面对巖壁。

Since it is not easy to judge the direction of force in a fall, much less the extent of force, the belayer must evaluate each situation and make use of the rock for the most secure position.

由于在降落过程中很难判断受力的方向，更不用说受力的大小，因此保护者必须对每一种情况进行估量，并利用巖石取得最安全的位置。

The belayer should be secured to a fixed anchor in certain situations, i. e. , the climber outweighs his belayer.

保护者应该受到保护，并有一个固定的锚点，以防攀巖者的体重超过保护者。

Many belay devices aid the belayer in protecting the climber above or below.

有的固定保护绳装置协助保护者保护上面或下面的攀巖者。

A good belayer is worth their weight in gold, they can offer advice, encouragement, give confidence and save you in a fall.

好的确保者有其重要的价值，他们提出建议、给予鼓励、信心以及坠落时保护你。

When the anchors are low down, a standing belayer can be pulled to their knees and could even let go of the rope.

当固定点很低，确保者站着可能会被拉走膝盖着地，甚至绳子会滑掉。

The logic behind this is that the upward movement of the belayer during a fall helps to absorb some of the forces and having freedom of movement allows the belayer to move away from falling objects.

背后逻辑说明坠落时确保者往上的动作帮助吸收掉一些沖击力，也让确保者自由躲开掉落物体。