we have learnt the hard way in the face of adversity.
我们学习到了面临逆境的应对方法。
yet just as china has come to realise its huge us bond holdings give it little leverage over us policy, mr geithner has learnt the hard way not to attack beijing head-on over its currency policy.
不过,就像中国意识到,持有巨额美国国债并不意味着自己能对美国政策产生多少影响力一样,盖特纳也从沉痛教训中了解到,不要直接批评北京的汇率政策。
mainframe integration is a domain where the industry has gathered considerable experience over the last few years. one lesson learnt the hard way is that tight coupling is bad.
这些年来人们在大型机集成中积累了很多经验,其中一个惨痛教训是系统间的紧耦合是不可取的。